Health outcome · disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Also: CVD
Conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels; long-term exposure to particulate matter is among the environmental factors studied in relation to it.
Not reviewed by a clinician. This entry describes a disease or a symptom. We are introducing clinical review for pages of this kind; until that reviewer is in place, this page has been written and checked by the Coridum team but not reviewed by a clinician. It is general information and not medical advice. How this library is built is described in How we build this library.
Indoor factors with evidence
12 of 13 Findings — those with the strongest study design.
| Factor | Effect | Population | Study design | Source | Checked |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.13 (1.08–1.19) per 10 | — | systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 publications (35 cohort and 3 case-control studies) on long-term particulate matter exposure in low- and middle-income countries; preprint (Research Square), not peer reviewed | F-0066 The chronic effects of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10 and P… (2022) | machine |
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.17 (1.00–1.37) per 10 · borderline | — | systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 publications (35 cohort and 3 case-control studies) on long-term particulate matter exposure in low- and middle-income countries; preprint (Research Square), not peer reviewed | F-0068 The chronic effects of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10 and P… (2022) | machine |
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.08 (1.06–1.10) per 10 | males | systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 publications (35 cohort and 3 case-control studies) on long-term particulate matter exposure in low- and middle-income countries; preprint (Research Square), not peer reviewed | F-0071 The chronic effects of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10 and P… (2022) | machine |
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.14 (1.12–1.17) per 10 | females | systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 publications (35 cohort and 3 case-control studies) on long-term particulate matter exposure in low- and middle-income countries; preprint (Research Square), not peer reviewed | F-0072 The chronic effects of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10 and P… (2022) | machine |
| Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) | OR 1.57 (0.79–3.11) · borderline | — | systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 studies of volatile organic compound exposure and cardiovascular disease: random-effects and fixed-effects pooled estimates for volatile organic compound mixtures, for toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, and for benzene against cardiovascular death | F-1194 Exposure to volatile organic compounds and cardiovascular di… (2026) | machine |
| Benzene | RR 1.09 (0.99–1.21) · borderline | — | systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 studies of volatile organic compound exposure and cardiovascular disease: random-effects and fixed-effects pooled estimates for volatile organic compound mixtures, for toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, and for benzene against cardiovascular death | F-1195 Exposure to volatile organic compounds and cardiovascular di… (2026) | machine |
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.26 (1.03–1.55) | cancer survivors five years after diagnosis | retrospective cohort of 18,846 five-year cancer survivors from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database; four-year average PM levels by district; Cox proportional hazards model | F-0052 Combined Associations of Physical Activity and Particulate M… | machine |
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.34 (1.07–1.67) | cancer survivors five years after diagnosis | retrospective cohort of 18,846 five-year cancer survivors from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database; four-year average PM levels by district; Cox proportional hazards model | F-0053 Combined Associations of Physical Activity and Particulate M… | machine |
| Particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀) | HR 1.38 (1.12–1.70) | cancer survivors five years after diagnosis | retrospective cohort of 18,846 five-year cancer survivors from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database; four-year average PM levels by district; Cox proportional hazards model | F-0054 Combined Associations of Physical Activity and Particulate M… | machine |
| Solid fuel | HR 1.18 (1.05–1.32) | — · home | prospective cohort of Chinese adults: household cooking and heating fuel recorded at baseline and at follow-up surveys, with incident non-fatal cardiovascular disease ascertained over the follow-up | F-1784 Indoor solid fuel use for cooking and the risk of incidental… (2022) | machine |
| Candles and incense | HR 0.91 (0.80–1.05) | — · home | Danish prospective cohort (Diet, Cancer and Health): frequency of candle use reported by questionnaire and first hospital contact for cardiovascular and respiratory events ascertained through national registers, with hazard ratios adjusted for smoking, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors | F-1800 Use of candles and risk of cardiovascular and respiratory ev… (2022) | machine |
| Candles and incense | HR 0.97 (0.84–1.11) | — · home | Danish prospective cohort (Diet, Cancer and Health): frequency of candle use reported by questionnaire and first hospital contact for cardiovascular and respiratory events ascertained through national registers, with hazard ratios adjusted for smoking, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors | F-1801 Use of candles and risk of cardiovascular and respiratory ev… (2022) | machine |
Each row is one Finding — a sentence as printed in one study, recorded with its page in the Coridum Knowledge Base. Follow the Finding number for the exact wording and the citation. Checked says who verified the row: machine means every automatic check passed and the surrounding text was read; person means someone read the sentence in the document. Rows are re-checked by a person over time. The studies are curated in the Coridum Knowledge Base; the reading of them together is a Claim, shown separately.
Identifiers
- MeSH
- D002318
In the literature
- Inflammation describes and explains the adverse effects of aerosol optical (2023). doi:10.18103/m CKB 0586
- Wang Causality of particulate matter on cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular biomarkers… (2023). Frontiers in public health. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1201479 CKB 0584
- Protocol to assess the impact of tobaccoinduced volatile organic compounds on cardiovascular risk in a cross- sectional cohort: Cardiovascular Injury due to Tobacco Use study (2018). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017- CKB 0569
Studies in the Coridum Knowledge Base in which this term is used. The definition follows standard usage in WHO, ISO and textbook sources; it is not quoted from these papers.
CKB = document number in the Coridum Knowledge Base, our curated library of peer-reviewed studies. Follow the DOI for the original paper.
Cite this page
Coridum Research. Cardiovascular disease (CVD). Coridum Knowledge G-0016, 16 September 2026. https://coridum.com/k/G-0016/